Biochemistry - Program Overview

Course Work
Within the Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, considerable emphasis is placed on becoming an effective scientific investigator. However, during the first two years of the program there are formal course work requirements. During this time, students complete a core sequence of courses, as well as advanced courses offered by the Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Graduate Program and other graduate programs.

Research
The first-year research program is structured to enable students to become acquainted with, and learn research methods in different disciplines, work closely with individual investigators and members of their laboratories, and decide upon a permanent research advisor. During the first part of the Fall Semester, conferences are scheduled with each faculty member to introduce students to ongoing research in the department and opportunities available in each laboratory. During the first semester, students will have two technique rotations in the areas of structure/function biochemistry and molecular biology.  The first will be assigned; the students will have input into the second rotation.  The students will then select two additional rotations.  Following the laboratory rotations, each student, in consultation with the departmental chair, chooses a permanent thesis advisor from among the members of the training faculty. Assignments of a Research Advisor are based on student preference, ability of the faculty members to accept students, faculty member's approval, and departmental resources. Shortly thereafter, each student will form a doctoral committee that will assist the student and thesis advisor both in choosing an elective supplementary curriculum and developing an original research program leading to the PhD thesis.

Teaching
Students will normally be asked to tutor individual or small groups of medical students for the Medical Biochemistry lectures. Tutoring responsibilities will usually be confined to a portion of one semester. During the semester you tutor, you are expected to attend all the lectures. Actual tutoring time usually amounts to 2 to 4 hours per week. Students may also be called on to assist in the graduate courses. There are also opportunities to facilitate case-based learning sessions for first year medical students.  The tutoring and assistance experience is a valuable part of the PhD training experience.

Academic Requirements
Students must maintain a 3.0 (B) average to remain in good academic standing. Students are evaluated for admission to candidacy for the PhD degree at the end of the first year by consideration of their academic performance, acquired laboratory skills, and a formal written examination. At the completion of substantially all course work (and prior to completion of the fifth semester), students will take the comprehensive examination which usually consists of a written research proposal and an oral defense of that proposal. After completion of the thesis research, students present and defend their PhD thesis at the final oral examination.

MD/PhD Program
The Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology participates in the Penn State University MD/PhD Program, which provides the opportunity for students interested in careers in academic medicine and research to obtain the necessary training in clinical and basic sciences in a seven year period. The dual degree provides the student with knowledge of the breadth of clinical science, plus the ability to design experiments and conduct biomedical research with modern technology. The research experience provides depth in fundamental disciplines.

Students in the program will take the graduate school core curriculum and an integrated lecture and problem-based learning curriculum in medicine in the first year. The second year is spent primarily with the medical student class with some interactions with the chosen graduate program. Years 3 through 5 are concentrated in the graduate department to complete graduate school requirements and thesis-related research. Years 6 and 7 focus on clinical rotations.

Prospective students interested in earning a dual degree should apply through the MD program. For further information, visit the MD/PhD Program site.

During the first year of the Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, incoming students take a core sequence of courses that includes Biochemistry, Molecular Genetics, Molecular Biology, and Cell Biology. This core sequence of courses is taken by first-year graduate students within the College of Medicine.

The following is a list of courses required for the completion of a Ph.D. in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. Courses are listed by year and semester.

Fall Semester, Year 1

Title Course Name Credits Description
Regulation of Cellular and Systemic Energy Metabolism BMS 501 3 Pathways utilized for energy generation in mammalian systems; concepts of metabolic regulation
Cell and System Biology BMS 502 3 This core course focuses on the principles and concepts of cellular and intracellular organization, assembly of cells into tissues, and further integration of cells and tissues into biological systems.
Flow of Cellular Information BMS 503 3 Genetics and molecular genetics, DNA replication, RNA synthesis and processing, genetic mobility, recombination, and regulation of gene expression
Colloquium BCHEM 590 1 A course designed to teach students to critically educate and logically present research from published scientific articles.
Lab Rotation BCHEM 596 1  

 

Spring Semester, Year 1

Title Course Name Credits Description
Enzymology, Structure BCHEM 581 1 Students will learn the basics of X-ray crystallography and NMR spectroscopy.
Enzymology, Energetics BCHEM 582 1 Students will learn practical aspects of enzymology including thermodynamics and kinetics.
Enzymology, Function BCHEM 583 1 The mechanisms of enzyme-catalyzed reactions will be surveyed.
Glycobiology BCHEM 584 1 A course designed to give students interested in carbohydrates the basics about their chemistry. Prerequisite: BMS 501, 502 and 503
Colloquium BCHEM 590 1 A course designed to teach students to critically educate and logically present research from published scientific articles.
  Genet 581-583 Genet 584-586 3 credits from either  
  Elective 2 credits from other electives  
Lab Rotation BCHEM 596 1  
One additional credit can be taken if approved by the first year graduate advisor

 

Fall Semester, Year 2

Title Course Name Credits Description
Ethics in the Life Sciences IBIOS 591 1 Addresses the increasingly important issues of professional ethics in the diverse but interrelated disciplines of the life sciences.
Colloquium BCHEM 590 1 A course designed to teach students to critically educate and logically present research from published scientific articles.
Thesis Research BCHEM 600 v* Original research leading to a Ph.D. in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (prior to completion of the Comprehensive Examination) (* credits are variable)
At least six credits of additional electives selected in consultation with their thesis advisor

 

Spring Semester, Year 2

Title Course Name Credits Description
Colloquium BCHEM 590 1 A course designed to teach students to critically educate and logically present research from published scientific articles.

 

Year 3 through completion

Title Course Name Credits Description
Thesis Research BCHEM 600 v* Original research leading to a Ph.D. in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (prior to completion of the Comprehensive Examination) (* credits are variable)
Thesis Preparation BCHEM 601 0 Original research leading to a Ph.D. in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (after completion of the Comprehensive Examination). Includes preparation of the written thesis and the oral defense.

 

 

Title Course Name Credits Description
Microscopic Anatomy ANAT 505 2 Microscopic structure of cells and tissues. Cellular structure and physiological functions correlated. Lectures on human embryology (F/S).
Histology ANAT 506 2 Continuation of ANAT 505; microscopic structure of cells, specialized tissues, organization, basic organogenesis, correlation between cellular structure and physiological function. Prerequisite:ANAT 505
Carcinogenesis and Chemoprevention BCHEM 510 2 This course provides an understanding of the mechanisms that can account for the induction of certain human cancers by environmental carcinogens; the course also offers information on the role of dietary factors in cancer prevention and chemoprevention trials that are conducted in the United States and abroad. Topics covered include human exposure to environmental carcinogens, organ specificity, metabolic activation of chemical carcinogens and tumorigenesis in laboratory animals, factors that modulate individual susceptibility to the deleterious effects of chemical carcinogen, and the various classes of cancer chemoprevention agents, as well as their efficacy, safety and mechanisms of action in preclinical model systems. The course will provide an overview of the etiology and prevention of certain human cancers to students in biochemistry and molecular biology, toxicology oncology, life sciences and members of the MD/PhD program.
Enzymology - Structure BCHEM 581 1 The students will learn the basics of X-ray crystallography and NMR spectroscopy.
Enzymology-Energetics BCHEM 582 1 The students will learn practical aspects of enzymology including thermodynamics and kinetics.
Enzymology- Function BCHEM 583 1 The mechanisms of enzyme-catalyzed reactions will be surveyed.
Glycobiology-Carbohydrate Chemistry BCHEM 584 1 This course is designed to give graduate students interested in studying carbohydrates the basics about their chemistry. Because of their structure and the ability of just two sugars to form a number of different bonds with each other, carbohydrate chemistry is significantly more complex than that of any of the other building blocks found in the body. With the development of new approaches for studying these compounds, the science of glycomics is coming into its own
Glycobiology- Glycoconjugates BCHEM 585 1 This course is designed to give graduate students interested in studying glycoconjugates the basics about their structure, functions that they serve, exposure to papers pertinent to the field, and the opportunity to integrate what they learn in class with what they read in assigned papers through class discussion.
Glycobiology - Glycans in health and disease BCHEM 586 1 Students will learn about the possible role(s) of glycans in health and disease and how that knowledge might be used to ameliorate certain diseases. Students will be expected to read papers and to integrate what they have learned in lecture with what they read when papers are discussed in class.
Biological Basis of Human Health and Disease CMBIO 506 2 Biological basis of human health and disease by cellular, molecular, genetic, and biochemical basis of organ function pathology.
Principles of Immunology CMBIO 554 2  
Laboratory Animal Genetics CMED 503 3 Genetic principles are applied to laboratory animals used for investigations of diseases that may be controlled or influenced by genetic factors. The genetic stability, control, monitoring, and the use of transgenic animals in biomedical research are included.
Genetic Approaches to Biomedical Problems GENET 597A 3 Advanced training of students with interest in genetic approaches to problem solving
Genomics IBIOS 598B 3 The overall objective is to learn current information about the structure and function of genomes, to develop facility in the many web-based tools and resources for further studies and research in genomics, and to appreciate the power and limitations of current resources and knowledge. The material will be covered in eight related sections.
Medical Microbiology- Topics in Mol. Pathogenesis MICRO 550 2 Principles of molecular pathogenesis; host-parasite relationships; structure and function of bacteria, viruses, and fungi as agents of human disease.
Principles of Immunology MICRO 554 2 Study of the immune response. Nature of antigens; structure, function of antibodies; hypersensitivity; transplantation and tumor immunity; autoimmunity and immunosuppression.
Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience NEURO 520 3 Cellular neurobiology, neural development and neurophysiology.
Professional Development NEURO 530 1 Professional development for the emerging scientist, includes manuscript and grant writing, seminar and poster presentations, time and information management, and future career choices.
Neurochemistry NEURO 597A 1-3  
Principles of Drug Action PHARM 520 2 Detailed analysis of basic parameters governing drug actions.
Scientific Analysis and Presentation PSIO 501 1 Journal club format used to develop critical analytical and presentation skills for understanding and clearly presenting current scientific data.
Cellular Physiology PSIO 503 1 PSIO 503 is a physiology course that focuses on cellular aspects of physiology.
Biology of Neoplasia PATH 520 3 Origins and pathology of tumor cells